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Merck, Sparpe & Dohme (MSD), a subsidiary of the US-based Merck, might also consider granting marketing licenses on a case-by-case basis, stated Leonard Tauro, its managing director.

International Licensing

International licensing also appears to be on the rise and accounts for a significant share of total patent licensing.
Receipts from world-wide international licensing appear to have grown steadily since the mid 1980s, consistent with growth in the number of US patent applications per unit of R&D (Arora, 2005). International receipts for intellectual property (including patents, copyrights, trademarks, etc.) increased from USD 10 Billion in 1985 to approximately USD 110 billion in 2004, with more than 90% of the receipts going to the three major OECD regions : European Union, Japan, and the United States (Fig.-1). Total payments showed a similar trend, climbing to approximately USD 120 billion in 2004, up from USD 8.3 billion in 1985.24 While receipts remain considerably higher in the United States than in the EU or Japan growth rates in the latter have been equal or faster over the past 20-year period.

Figure 1

Receipts from international licensing in major OECD regions

Source : OECD based on World Bank, World Development Indicators Database, June 2006

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* Contributed by: -
Prof. (Dr.) R.P.Verma,
MASD (USA), MRES (London),
Ex. H.O.D & Dean,
Faculty of Commerce,
Ranchi University, Ranchi,
Dr. Arabinda Bhandari, MBA, Ph.D.
(Strategic Management)