Suppliers for a relief chain include traditional suppliers as well as the donors. Due to the randomness of location, number and quantity of supplies by the donors, it is difficult to optimize the supply chain network.

Uncertainty in the number, location and presence of warehouses and distribution centers pose problems for inventory storage, handling and logistics support.

The relief chain is a decentralized chain where significant time is lost in changeover from one supply chain participant to another.

Combination of Push and Pull strategies. The demand in the initial period calls for 'Push' strategy, when the actual demand is uncertain. As relief efforts strengthen, this strategy gets converted into a 'Pull' strategy as demand becomes more predictable. Change in strategy has a negative impact on the inventory patterns, lead times.